News
Corruption and crypto test Latin American money laundering laws
Latin American and Caribbean countries face many obstacles to effectively combating money laundering, even though the region ranks above the global average in terms of adoption of legal frameworks, according to a new report.
The 2023 editing of the Anti-Money Laundering Index produced annually by the Basel Institute on Governance highlighted how billions of dollars from Latin America and the Caribbean criminal economies have transformed the region into a money laundering hub where criminal groups turn their ill-gotten earnings into usable assets.
Haiti and Venezuela were once again the worst performers on the index in the region. Haiti tops the global risk rankings, with the index criticizing the country’s weak legal frameworks and high levels of Corruption. Venezuela, however, is doing slightly better deep-rooted corruption under the presidency of Nicolas Maduro, its score fell.
Suriname, which was not previously included in the report, ranks 16th most at risk jurisdiction in the world and third in the region. The country is hampered by the lack of corporate transparency and the strong presence of transnational companies. drug trafficking groups.
The index ranks countries on a scale of 0 to 10 based on their vulnerability to money laundering and terrorist financing, with 10 corresponding to the highest risk. A country’s scores are determined by 18 indicators divided into five categories: the quality of a country’s legal frameworks, the risk of corruption and bribery, transparency and financial standards, transparency and accountability public, and legal and political risks.
The quality of legal frameworks represents 65% of the total score. Overall, countries in the region performed well in this category with an average score of 5.52, slightly lower than the global average of 5.62. However, in all other categories, the region’s average score exceeds the global average.
Below, InSight Crime presents three key points from the Basel Index to explain what it reveals about Latin America and the Caribbean’s anti-money laundering capacity.
Corruption and money laundering closely linked
Corruption and money laundering are closely linked in Latin America and the Caribbean, the report highlights, with widespread corruption generating high risks despite adequate legal frameworks.
Corruption and bribery risks increased in the region in 2023, the report said, with countries scoring an average of 5.42 for this indicator, well above the global average of 5.02.
This score reflects previous InSight Crime coverage, which highlighted the impact of anti-corruption efforts. blocked in the region in recent years, as governments are unwilling or unable to address the long-standing impact of criminal groups on politics.
In 2023, for example, Paraguay elected Santiago Peña as president, an establishment candidate with strong ties to criminal actors. Colombia, a country with historic links between politicians and drug traffickers, has once again been devastated scandal when President Gustavo Petro’s son admitted to receiving money from criminals intended for his father’s campaign.
Like other criminal economies, corruption and bribery generate illicit revenue for public officials that must be laundered. This places additional pressure on governments’ anti-money laundering capabilities, which are already hampered by lack of resources and inadequate coordination between law enforcement agencies, according to Julia Yansura, director environmental crime and illicit financing within Financial Accountability and Corporate Transparency (FACT). ) Coalition.
“There is an unfortunate trend in the region where the laws are really good on paper, but they are not fully put into practice,” she told InSight Crime.
Corruption can also directly hinder money laundering investigations. In Honduras, lawmakers amended an anti-money laundering law in 2022 to make it harder to prosecute launderers. The reform absolved some politicians, leading to strong suggestions of corruption. In Guatemala, corrupt officials armed anti-money laundering laws to attack political opponents, thereby harming investigations of criminals.
Risk versus reality
Although the index ranks countries based on their vulnerability to money laundering, it does not measure the actual amount of money laundering in a given country.
For example, Haiti, the worst-performing country on the index, is not a major money laundering hub. Instability, a shaky economy and a weak currency, all fueled by a gang conflictchase away foreign launderers, Yansura said.
“The criminals’ preference is to move these funds to a large economy with a strong currency,” she explained, citing the example of Panama, long a country of money laundering. hub because of its dollarized economy and its central place in international trade.
The European Union and the G7 Financial Action Task Force (FATF) have often pressured small Caribbean island nations to improve their anti-money laundering standards. Out of 27 jurisdictions in Latin America and the Caribbean with complete Basel Index data, many Caribbean island countries rank near the top in the region in terms of money laundering risk. Saint Kitts and Nevis was considered the fifth highest risk, the Bahamas ninth and Barbados 11th.
SEE ALSO: 3 factors that make Ecuador a money laundering hub
But large, low-risk countries may face greater total money laundering than small, high-risk islands.
In Ecuador, where the risk of money laundering is relatively low (19th in the region), a recent wave money laundering has been accompanied by an increase cocaine trafficking. An estimated $3.5 billion – the equivalent of around 75% of Barbados’ total GDP – was laundered through Ecuador’s financial system in 2021, according to the Latin American Strategic Center for Geopolitics (Centro Estratégico Latinoamericano de Geopolitics).
In Uruguay, the region’s least risky jurisdiction according to the index, cases of money laundering linked to drug trafficking doubled between 2018 and 2022, and experts have warned that legal loopholes and limited law enforcement capabilities have attracted money launderers to the country’s financial system.
Cryptocurrencies and money laundering
THE increase The use of cryptocurrencies in Latin America, where most countries have weak regulatory systems, poses money laundering risks. Many crypto wallets are designed to be anonymous, making it difficult to track suspicious activity.
The rapid evolution of the crypto industry and weak regulation of the sector globally means countries need to “double down” on the use of cryptocurrencies for money laundering, states the report. But cryptocurrencies remain a minor method of money laundering in Latin America and the Caribbean.
The instability of cryptocurrencies means they are unlikely to become a major avenue for money laundering anytime soon, Kenneth Rijock, an independent financial crime expert, told InSight Crime.
“Cryptocurrencies are so volatile,” he said. “Even money launderers are afraid to use it because it may have value today and be worthless tomorrow. »
SEE ALSO: The digital Wild West: Latin America is not prepared for crypto-crime
Stricter regulations for crypto asset service providers and recent convictions involving crypto exchanges could also deter criminals. The Basel Index found that Latin America and the Caribbean’s compliance with FATF guidelines on virtual assets is almost comparable to Europe and much higher than other regions like South Asia and Africa.
Increased monitoring and reporting requirements for crypto exchanges will make a difference, but they will take time to implement, said Marianne Richardson, research coordinator at IBI Consultants, a firm specializing in security issues in Latin America .
“Many people, including governments, still don’t know how it works,” she told InSight Crime in May last year.
News
Bitcoin soars above $63,000 as money flows into new US investment products
Bitcoin has surpassed the $63,000 mark for the first time since November 2021. (Chesnot via Getty Images)
Bitcoin has broken above the $63,000 (£49,745) mark for the first time since November 2021, when the digital asset hit its all-time high of over $68,000.
Over the past 24 hours, the value of the largest digital asset by market capitalization has increased by more than 8% to trade at $63,108, at the time of writing.
Learn more: Live Cryptocurrency Prices
The price appreciation was fueled by record inflows into several U.S.-based bitcoin cash exchange-traded funds (ETFs), which were approved in January this year.
A Bitcoin spot ETF is a financial product that investors believe will pave the way for an influx of traditional capital into the cryptocurrency market. Currently, indications are favorable, with fund managers such as BlackRock (BLK) and Franklin Templeton (BEN), after allocating a record $673 million into spot Bitcoin ETFs on Wednesday.
Learn more: Bitcoin’s Success With SEC Fuels Expectations for an Ether Spot ETF
The record allocation surpassed the funds’ first day of launch, when inflows totaled $655 million. BlackRock’s iShares Bitcoin Trust ETF (I BITE) alone attracted a record $612 million yesterday.
Bitcoin Price Prediction
Earlier this week, veteran investor Peter Brandt said that bitcoin could peak at $200,000 by September 2025. “With the push above the upper boundary of the 15-month channel, the target for the current market bull cycle, which is expected to end in August/September 2025, is raised from $120,000 to $200,000,” Brandt said. published on X.
The influx of capital from the traditional financial sphere into Bitcoin spot ETFs is acting as a major price catalyst for the digital asset, but it is not the only one. The consensus among analysts is that the upcoming “bitcoin halving” could continue to drive flows into the bitcoin market.
The Bitcoin halving is an event that occurs roughly every four years and is expected to happen again next April. The halving will reduce the bitcoin reward that miners receive for validating blocks on the blockchain from 6.25 BTC to 3.125 BTC. This could lead to a supply crunch for the digital asset, which could lead to price appreciation.
The story continues
Watch: Bitcoin ETFs set to attract funds from US pension plans, says Standard Chartered analyst | Future Focus
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FRA Strengthens Cryptocurrency Practice with New Director Thomas Hyun
Forensic Risk Alliance (FRA), an independent consultancy specializing in regulatory investigations, compliance and litigation, has welcomed U.S.-based cryptocurrency specialist Thomas Hyun as a director of the firm’s global cryptocurrency investigations and compliance practice. Hyun brings to the firm years of experience building and leading anti-money laundering (AML) compliance programs, including emerging payment technologies in the blockchain and digital asset ecosystem.
Hyun has nearly 15 years of experience as a compliance officer. Prior to joining FRA, he served as Director of AML and Blockchain Strategy at PayPal for four years. He established PayPal’s financial crime policy and control framework for its cryptocurrency-related products, including PayPal’s first consumer-facing cryptocurrency offering on PayPal and Venmo, as well as PayPal’s branded stablecoin.
At PayPal, Hyun oversaw the second-line AML program for the cryptocurrency business. His responsibilities included drafting financial crime policies supporting the cryptocurrency business, establishing governance and escalation processes for high-risk partners, providing credible challenge and oversight of front-line program areas, and reporting to the Board and associated authorized committees on program performance.
Prior to joining PayPal, Hyun served as Chief Compliance Officer and Bank Secrecy Officer (BSA) at Paxos, a global blockchain infrastructure company. At Paxos, he was responsible for implementing the compliance program, including anti-money laundering and sanctions, around the company’s digital asset exchange and its asset-backed tokens and stablecoins. He also supported the company’s regulatory engagement efforts, securing regulatory approvals, supporting regulatory reviews, and ensuring compliance with relevant digital asset requirements and guidelines.
Thomas brings additional experience in payments and financial crime compliance (FCC), having previously served as Vice President of Compliance at Mastercard, where he was responsible for compliance for its consumer products portfolio. He also spent more than seven years in EY’s forensics practice, working on various FCC investigations for U.S. and foreign financial institutions.
Hyun is a Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialist (CAMS) and a Certified Fraud Examiner (CFE). He is a graduate of New York University’s Stern School of Business, where he earned a bachelor’s degree in finance and accounting. Additionally, he serves on the board of directors for the Central Ohio Association of Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialists (ACAMS) chapter.
Commenting on his appointment, Hyun said, “With my experience overseeing and implementing effective compliance programs at various levels of maturity and growth, whether in a startup environment or large enterprises, I am excited to help our clients overcome similar obstacles and challenges to improve their financial crime compliance programs. I am excited to join FRA and leverage my experience to help clients navigate the complexities of AML compliance and financial crime prevention in this dynamic space.”
FRA Partner, Roy Pollittadded: “As the FRA’s sponsor partner for our growing Cryptocurrency Investigations and Compliance practice, I am thrilled to have Thomas join our ever-expanding team. The rapid evolution of blockchain and digital asset technologies presents both exciting opportunities and significant compliance challenges. Hiring Thomas in a leadership role underscores our commitment to staying at the forefront of the industry by enhancing our expertise in anti-money laundering and blockchain strategy.”
“Thomas’ extensive background in financial crime compliance and proven track record of building risk-based FCC programs in the blockchain and digital asset space will be invaluable as we continue to provide our clients with the highest level of service and innovative solutions.”
“FRA strengthens cryptocurrency practice with new director Thomas Hyun” was originally created and published by International Accounting Bulletina brand owned by GlobalData.
The information on this website has been included in good faith for general information purposes only. It is not intended to amount to advice on which you should rely, and we make no representations, warranties or assurances, express or implied, as to its accuracy or completeness. You must obtain professional or specialist advice before taking, or refraining from, any action on the basis of the content on our website.
News
Bitcoin trades around $57,000, crypto market drops 6% ahead of Fed decision
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Bitcoin fell in line with the broader cryptocurrency market, with ether and other altcoins also falling.
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Financial markets were weighed down by risk-off sentiment ahead of the Fed’s interest rate decision and press conference later in the day.
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10x Research said it is targeting a price target of $52,000 to $55,000, anticipating further selling pressure.
Bitcoin {{BTC}} was trading around $57,700 during European morning trading on Wednesday after falling to its lowest level since late February, as the world’s largest cryptocurrency recorded its worst month since November 2022.
BTC has fallen about 6.3% over the past 24 hours, after breaking below the $60,000 support level late Tuesday, according to data from CoinDesk. The broader crypto market, as measured by the CoinDesk 20 Index (CD20), lost nearly 9% before recovering part of its decline.
Cryptocurrencies have been hurt by risk-off sentiment in broader financial markets amid stagflation in the United States, following indications of slowing growth and persistent inflation that have dampened hopes of an interest rate cut by the Federal Reserve. The Federal Open Market Committee is due to deliver its latest rate decision later in the day.
Ether {{ETH}} fell about 5%, dropping below $3,000, while dogecoin {{DOGE}} led the decline among other major altcoins with a 9% drop. Solana {{SOL}} and Avalanche {{AVAX}} both lost about 6%.
Bitcoin plunged in April, posting its first monthly loss since August. The 16% drop is the worst since November 2022, when cryptocurrency exchange FTX imploded, but some analysts are warning of further declines in the immediate future.
10x Research, a digital asset research firm, said it sees selling pressure toward the $52,000 level due to outflows from U.S. cash exchange-traded funds, which have totaled $540 million since the Bitcoin halving on April 20. It estimates that the average entry price for U.S. Bitcoin ETF holders is $57,300, so this could prove to be a key support level.
The closer the bitcoin spot price is to this average entry price, the greater the likelihood of a new ETF unwind, 10x CEO Markus Thielen wrote Wednesday.
“There may have been a lot of ‘TradeFi’ tourists in crypto – pushing longs all the way to the halving – that period is now over,” he wrote. “We expect more unwinding as the average Bitcoin ETF buyer will be underwater when Bitcoin trades below $57,300. This will likely push prices down to our target levels and cause a -25% to -29% correction from the $73,000 high – hence our $52,000/$55,000 price target over the past three weeks.”
The story continues
UPDATE (May 1, 8:56 UTC): Price updates throughout the process.
UPDATE (May 1, 9:57 UTC): Price updates throughout the process.
UPDATE (May 1, 11:05 UTC): Adds analysis from 10x.
News
The Cryptocurrency Industry Is Getting Back on Its Feet, for Better or Worse
Hello from Austin, where thousands of crypto enthusiasts braved storms and scorching heat to attend Consensus. The industry’s largest and longest-running conference, which can sometimes feel like a religious revival, offers opportunities to chat and listen to leading names in crypto. And for the casual observer, Consensus offers a useful glimpse into the mood of an industry prone to wild swings in fortune.
Unsurprisingly, the mood is noticeably more positive than it was a year ago, when crowds were sparse and many attendees were quietly confiding that they were considering switching to AI. In practice, that means some of the more obnoxious elements are back, but not to the level of Consensus 2018 in New York, when charlatans parked Lamborghinis outside the event and the hallways were lined with booth girls and scammers pitching “ICOs in a box.”
This time around, Elon Musk’s Cybertrucks have replaced Lamborghinis as the vehicle of choice for marketers. One of the most notable publicity stunts was a startup that paid a poor guy to parade around in the Texas sun in a Jamie Dimon costume, wig, and mask, and then staged a mock assault on him by memecoin characters.
Outside the event was a giant “RFK for President” truck, while campaign staffers manned a booth instead — a reflection of both the election year and crypto’s willingness to latch onto any candidate, no matter how outlandish, who will talk about the industry. RFK himself is scheduled to address the conference on Thursday.
Excesses aside, the general sense of optimism was understandable. The cryptocurrency market has not only recovered from the wave of fraud that nearly sank it in 2022, it is riding a new wave of political legitimacy. This month, cryptocurrencies scored once-unthinkable political victories in Washington, D.C., and there is a sense that the industry has not only withstood the relentless regulatory assaults of SEC Chairman Gary Gensler and Sen. Elizabeth Warren, but is poised to defeat them.
And while cryptocurrency is still searching for its flagship application, the optimists I spoke with pointed to signs that it is (once again) upon us. Those signs include the rapid advancement of zero-knowledge proofs as well as the popularity of Coinbase’s Base blockchain and, perhaps most importantly, the large-scale arrival of traditional finance into the world of cryptocurrencies – a development that not only provides a major financial boost, but also a new element of stability and maturity that will, perhaps, tame the worst of crypto’s wilder side. Finally, this consensus marked the end of the Austin era as the conference, under new leadership, will be held in Toronto and Hong Kong in 2025.
The story continues
Jeff John Roberts
jeff.roberts@fortune.com
@jeffjohnroberts
This story was originally featured on Fortune.com
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